Few situations are harder on a family than a father who dies suddenly while his wife is pregnant. In the same week the widow is grieving, attending antenatal appointments and fielding questions from the rest of the family about the estate. Should the estate be divided now, or should everyone wait? Does a child who has not yet been born have any claim to his father's property? And how is that claim protected if uncles, grandparents or half-siblings are pressing for an early division? These questions come up whenever a young head of household dies, and the answers affect every heir, not only the unborn child.
This article answers one specific question: how does Kuwaiti law treat an unborn child (in Arabic legal usage, al-haml al-mustakinn) in inheritance, and what happens to the division of the estate while the pregnancy continues? We do not repeat the general rules on shares and distribution covered in our article on inheritance rules under Kuwaiti law, nor the general overview of wills and the heirship certificate in wills and inheritance in Kuwait. The focus here is the heir who has not yet been born, and how the law, the courts and the competent authorities deal with him or her.
We cover, in turn: the condition for a pregnancy to inherit under the Personal Status Law No. 51/1984; the practice of reserving a share for the unborn child while distributing the rest; what happens on a live birth, on the birth of twins and on a stillbirth; the management of the child's share as the property of a minor and the role of the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs; the procedure for obtaining the heirship certificate and recording the pregnancy in it; the consequences of concealing a pregnancy; and the rights of the pregnant widow regarding the waiting period, maintenance and housing. We close with hypothetical cases and frequently asked questions to help families act calmly and with clarity.
The Short Answer
Yes, an unborn child inherits from a deceased father, provided the child is born alive within the period the law recognises for establishing paternity to the deceased. The pregnancy is a potential heir: its entitlement becomes settled only on a live birth. If the child is stillborn, it inherits nothing, nothing passes through it, and whatever was set aside for it returns to the other heirs.
As for division, the estate does not usually have to be frozen in its entirety until the birth. The approach taken in modern personal status legislation, and followed in practice in Kuwait, is to reserve for the pregnancy a precautionary share based on the more favourable of two assumptions (that the child is a boy or a girl), to distribute the rest to each heir on the assumption least favourable to that heir, and then to settle the shares finally after the birth. The finer points, including how to deal with the possibility of twins, remain matters of interpretation decided by reference to the text of the law and the judge's assessment in each case.
The reserved share, and later the child's share after birth, is managed as the property of a minor under the supervision of the competent authorities, chiefly the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs. The pregnancy must be disclosed when applying for the heirship certificate, because concealing it exposes the division to being reopened and the person who concealed it to liability. The pregnant widow's waiting period ends with the delivery; she has her fixed share of the estate and her deferred dower as a debt of the estate. Whether she is entitled to maintenance during the waiting period is a disputed juristic question that is put to the judge.
The Legislative Framework
Inheritance in Kuwait is governed primarily by the Personal Status Law No. 51/1984. The law is based broadly on the Maliki school, drawing on other schools on particular points, and refers matters it does not expressly address to the prevailing opinion of the Maliki school. It deals with inheritance in a dedicated part covering the conditions, causes and impediments of inheritance, the fixed-share heirs and residuary heirs, exclusion, and special rules for exceptional cases, among them the inheritance of a pregnancy, the missing person, the hermaphrodite and persons who die together.
The rule on the unborn child rests on a foundational principle of Islamic jurisprudence: one condition of inheritance is that the heir is alive at the moment the deceased dies. A child in the womb has a constructive life that is recognised for its benefit, so its right is preserved, but it is not treated as a full heir unless it is born alive. Hence the special rules that require a live birth, set the gestation period within which the child is attributed to the deceased, lay down how the share is reserved, and say what happens to the reserve once the child is born.
Also relevant is the Family Court Law No. 12/2015, which gives the Family Court jurisdiction over personal status matters, including disputes over inheritance, estates and proof of heirship, together with the amicable settlement procedures it provides for many family disputes. The Civil and Commercial Procedure Law No. 38/1980 governs filing suits, urgent applications and enforcement, and the Civil Code No. 67/1980 deals with legal personality and its beginning, co-ownership, partition and the management of common property.
In practice, the key bodies include the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs, which looks after and supervises the property of minors and persons treated as minors under its own statute, and the department of the Ministry of Justice responsible for Sharia notarisation, which issues heirship certificates. The Child Rights Law No. 21/2015 completes the picture by establishing the principle of the child's best interests and the child's right to care and protection, a principle that guides the judge in anything affecting a child's property and welfare.
Please note that this article states the rules in general terms, without article numbers or numerical time limits. The precise wording of each rule, and how it applies to particular facts, require reference to the official text in force and the advice of a specialist lawyer who has reviewed the documents.
The Substantive Rules
1. The child must be born alive
The core rule is that a pregnancy inherits if the child is born alive and does not inherit if the child is stillborn. "Alive" here means a visible, established life after separation from the mother, recognised by signs such as crying, breathing, movement or suckling. Classical jurists differed on which signs suffice: some required the newborn to cry out, while others accepted any sign of life. Today the question is resolved in practice through medical reports, the birth certificate and, if the baby died shortly after birth, the death certificate. In a dispute, the judge weighs the evidence presented.
This condition has an important consequence. If the child is born alive and then dies, even shortly afterwards, the child has inherited its share from the father, and that share then passes on the child's death to the child's own heirs (usually including the mother) under the ordinary rules. If the child is stillborn, it is disregarded for inheritance purposes, and the estate is distributed among the other heirs as if there had been no pregnancy. The financial difference can be large and is often contested between the mother and the father's relatives, so everything turns on proving life by acceptable means.
2. The child must be born within the recognised period
The second condition is that the child's paternity to the deceased is established, which requires birth within the minimum and maximum gestation periods set by the law, counted from the date of death or separation as the case may be. The Personal Status Law sets an upper limit on gestation for the purposes of paternity. A child born after that period has elapsed from the date of death is not attributed to the deceased and does not inherit from him, save in special cases regulated by the law. We deliberately do not state these periods as figures here, because applying them requires reference to the text itself and careful calculation of dates on the facts of each case.
In the ordinary case, where the marriage subsisted, the pregnancy was visible and medically confirmed at the time of death, and the child arrives within a few months, this condition raises no difficulty. It can, however, become contentious if a woman claims to be pregnant some time after the death, if a divorced former wife claims that her pregnancy is by the deceased, or if some heirs deny paternity. In such cases the Family Court decides paternity and may rely on medical expertise and DNA evidence.
3. The unborn child may also inherit from others
The rule is not limited to the death of the father. An unborn child may inherit from a grandfather, a brother or others who die while it is in the womb, provided it falls among the heirs who are not excluded by someone else. The period requirements differ depending on whether the pregnancy is by the deceased himself or by someone else. In every case the basic rule is the same: the child inherits only if born alive.
4. Must the division wait for the birth? Reserving a share
This is the point of the historical juristic disagreement. Some jurists, including the prevailing view in the Maliki school, held that the default is to postpone the division of the whole estate until the child is born, because the number and sex of the heirs cannot be known with certainty before then, and postponement avoids errors and redistribution. Others allowed division before the birth with a precautionary share reserved for the pregnancy, to spare heirs who may urgently need their shares. They then differed on how much to reserve: some favoured reserving the share of more than one son as a precaution against multiple births, while others favoured reserving one share on the more favourable of the two assumptions, boy or girl, with the heirs answerable for any shortfall if more than one child arrives.
Much modern personal status legislation has adopted the practical approach that permits division with a reserve and sets aside for the pregnancy the larger of the two possible shares, on the assumption that the child is a boy or a girl. That approach can be read into the Kuwaiti treatment of a pregnancy's inheritance. Even so, the exact amount to reserve in a given case, whether division may proceed before the birth over the objection of some heirs or the mother, and what happens if the reserve proves insufficient, are all matters for the Family Court to decide according to the text in force and what it considers serves the interests of both the unborn child and the heirs. We therefore advise families not to settle the question by personal reasoning or by a calculation done by one heir alone.
5. How is the remainder distributed?
Under the reserve approach, each heir is considered separately according to how the pregnancy affects that heir. Inheritance science recognises three broad categories:
- An heir whose share does not change whatever the pregnancy turns out to be. That heir takes the full share now. A common example is the deceased's mother, who takes one sixth where there is a descendant heir, and the wife, who takes one eighth where the deceased already has other children.
- An heir whose share changes depending on the child's sex or survival. That heir receives the smaller of the possible shares, and the difference is held back until matters become clear. An example is the wife where the deceased has no children other than the pregnancy: her share is one eighth if the child is born alive and one quarter if it is stillborn, so she receives one eighth now.
- An heir who may be completely excluded by the pregnancy if it is a live boy, such as brothers and paternal uncles in some configurations. That heir receives nothing now, or only what he would receive on the worst assumption, until the birth clarifies the position.
These categories illustrate the general idea. The actual calculation depends on the make-up of the heirs in each case and requires an exact hypothetical division that takes every possibility into account. We recommend that a specialist carry it out and that it be recorded in written minutes or an agreement submitted to the competent authority whenever a minor or a pregnancy is among the heirs.
6. What happens after the birth?
If a single child is born alive, it is entitled to the share corresponding to its sex. If the reserve equals that share, the child takes all of it. If the reserve exceeds the share (for example, a boy's share was reserved and a girl was born in a configuration where the boy's share is larger), the surplus is returned to the heirs entitled to it under the final division.
If the child is stillborn, it inherits nothing, and the entire reserve returns to the heirs to be shared as if there had been no pregnancy. As a result, heirs who would have been excluded by the child may now inherit, and some shares, such as the wife's, may increase.
If the widow gives birth to twins or more, the disagreement described above becomes decisive. If the reserve was calculated on the basis of one child and does not cover the twins' shares, the approach taken by modern legislation is recourse against the heirs for the shortfall: each heir returns from his or her share what is needed to complete the newborns' entitlement. The earlier division is therefore not final for those who have received their shares, and they are bound to make repayment. How that repayment is made, who bears it and what happens if an heir has already disposed of what he received are questions for the judge according to the text and the circumstances of each case. Medical confirmation of the number of foetuses before division, where possible, greatly reduces the risk of later disputes.
If the child is born alive and then dies, it has inherited its share from the father, and its own estate is then divided among its own heirs. This often requires a second heirship certificate for the deceased infant.
7. Estate debts and third-party rights come first
The unborn child's right attaches only to the net estate. Ahead of all heirs, including the pregnancy, come the reasonable funeral and burial costs, then the deceased's debts, including the wife's deferred dower, then bequests within their lawful limits; what remains is the inheritance. Proven estate debts can therefore be paid without waiting for the birth, and delaying payment may harm everyone. Dispositions of specific estate assets, such as selling property, are subject to special safeguards where a minor or a pregnancy is among the heirs, as explained in detail in our article on selling estate property when an heir is a minor.
8. Managing the share of the unborn child and the minor
No heir may use the reserved share for himself, and it should not be mixed with the mother's or anyone else's money without proper control. In principle, the property of the pregnancy, and later of the child after birth, is subject to the rules on guardianship of property. In Kuwait, the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs looks after the property of minors and those treated as minors, supervising its management and investment and the payment of maintenance from it, and its remit under its statute extends to categories that include the unborn child. It is important to notify the Authority of the pregnancy and of the share reserved for it, so that no transaction affecting the estate prejudices the child's right.
Once born alive, the child becomes a minor heir and its share is managed under the usual rules for minors' property: maintenance is paid from it when needed through the approved procedures, and its real estate or holdings may not be disposed of without the permission required by law. We describe the Authority's role, the scope of its supervision and how maintenance is paid in our article on the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs in Kuwait, so we do not repeat it here.
Where the mother and the father's relatives are in serious disagreement over the management of estate assets before division, for example rented property or a business needing day-to-day management, it may be appropriate to apply for the appointment of a judicial custodian over the estate, who manages it temporarily under court supervision until the shares are settled.
9. The rights of the pregnant widow
The waiting period (iddah): it is agreed that the waiting period of a pregnant woman whose husband has died ends with the delivery, however long or short that may be, a rule established by the Quranic text. During the waiting period she observes its familiar rules, including not remarrying. We cover the waiting period in detail in our article on the waiting period and revocation under Kuwaiti law.
Inheritance: the widow is a fixed-share heir. Her share is one quarter if the deceased has no descendant heir and one eighth if he does. Because the child, if born alive, will be a descendant heir, she receives one eighth on a division before the birth where the deceased has no children other than the pregnancy, and the difference is held back until matters are clear.
Deferred dower: the deferred dower is a debt of the estate, paid before division and unaffected by the pregnancy.
Maintenance during the waiting period: this is disputed among jurists. The majority hold that a woman observing the waiting period after her husband's death has no maintenance from his property, because ownership passed to the heirs on death. They differed on her right to housing during the waiting period, some granting it in the marital home, especially where it was owned by the deceased. Some held that a pregnant widow is maintained from the unborn child's share, on the basis that the maintenance is in truth for the child. We do not resolve the question here; it depends on what the Personal Status Law provides and how the judge assesses each case. In practice, the child's maintenance after birth is paid from the child's own property through the approved procedures, and the mother, as custodian, may claim what the law grants to a custodian.
Living in the family home: the family home is often part of the estate. The widow and her children live there, and other heirs demand that it be sold or that she pay rent for occupying it alone. We discuss this problem and its solutions in our article on the family home when one heir refuses to sell or occupies it alone; the presence of an unborn child or a minor and the child's best interests are relevant considerations.
10. Concealing the pregnancy and its consequences
Sometimes an heirship certificate is issued without mention of the pregnancy, either because the heirs did not know of it when they applied or because some of them deliberately left it out to speed up division or take a larger share. In both cases the child's right is not lost if the child is born alive, because the heirship certificate is not a conclusive judgment barring proof to the contrary; it is a means of proving heirship that can be challenged and corrected. Once the pregnancy and live birth are established, the division is reopened and anyone who took more than his entitlement must return the excess.
Where the concealment was deliberate, for example an heir making a declaration he knows to be false that there are no heirs other than those named, he may face civil liability for compensation, and whether criminal liability arises under the Penal Code No. 16/1960 may be examined depending on the facts and the assessment of the competent authorities. Using the child's share or taking estate assets also opens the door to other claims discussed in our article on an heir seizing or hiding estate assets.
11. Gifts and bequests made before death
After the death, the heirs may discover that the father made gifts to some of his children during his lifetime or left a bequest to one of them. The question then arises of how that affects the unborn child's share. In principle, a completed gift made in good health is valid; a bequest to an heir takes effect only on the conditions the law lays down; and a gift made during the final illness may be treated as a bequest. We explain these issues in our article on a father's gifts to some of his children during his lifetime. Once born, the child, represented by whoever is responsible for its affairs, has the same right as the other heirs to object where the conditions are met.
Principles of the Court of Cassation
The Court of Cassation has settled a number of principles in personal status matters that bear on the inheritance of an unborn child and the division of an estate. The main ones can be summarised as follows, subject to the methodological note at the end of this section:
- The Court of Cassation has consistently held that an heirship certificate is evidence of heirship unless a judgment holds otherwise, and that it does not prevent a claim to establish the heirship of an heir omitted from it or to deny the heirship of someone named in it.
- The Court of Cassation has consistently held that paternity and inheritance are personal status matters governed by the Personal Status Law and, where it is silent, by the prevailing opinion of the Maliki school.
- The Court of Cassation has consistently held that co-ownership among heirs entitles each of them to seek partition, and that partition follows the Sharia shares, subject to the special rules on minors and those treated as minors.
- The Court of Cassation has consistently held that the weighing of evidence, including medical reports and witness testimony on whether a newborn was alive or on paternity, lies within the authority of the trial court, provided its decision rests on sound reasons.
- The Court of Cassation has consistently held that a co-owner's disposition of common property is not effective against the other co-owners beyond his own share, and that they may assert their rights.
Methodological note: these principles are stated in general terms summarising the judicial approach as it emerges from the body of decisions. We have not cited particular appeal numbers or judgment dates. Judicial principles evolve and their application depends on the facts of each case, so the original judgments should be consulted and a lawyer engaged before relying on them in a live dispute.
Practical Steps and Documents
Step one: document the pregnancy medically
If the wife is pregnant, the first thing to do after the death is obtain a certified medical report confirming the pregnancy, its approximate stage and, if possible, the number of foetuses. Everything else depends on this report: recording the pregnancy in the heirship certificate, reserving the share, assessing the possibility of twins and calculating the waiting period.
Step two: apply for the heirship certificate and disclose the pregnancy
The application for the heirship certificate is filed with the Sharia notarisation department of the Ministry of Justice. It should state expressly that the deceased's wife is pregnant and attach the medical report. The certificate will then refer to the pregnancy and its entitlement if the child is born alive, or the department may require it to be completed after the birth, depending on its practice. After the birth, proof of birth (the birth certificate) is submitted to update the certificate or obtain a final one identifying the heirs and their shares.
Step three: notify the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs
Whenever a minor or a pregnancy is among the heirs, the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs should be notified and given a copy of the heirship certificate and a statement of the estate assets. The Authority then takes the steps its statute provides for identifying, managing and supervising the minor's property.
Step four: list the estate and pay the debts
Draw up a full inventory of the deceased's real estate, bank accounts, investments, company holdings, vehicles and employment entitlements, together with his debts. Proven debts and the wife's deferred dower are paid before any division. Ideally this is done under written minutes signed by the adult heirs, with a copy lodged with the competent authority.
Step five: agree on division or go to court
If the adult heirs agree on division with a reserve for the pregnancy, the agreement is submitted to the competent authority for approval so far as it concerns the share of the minor and the pregnancy. If they cannot agree, if some object to division before the birth, or if the size of the reserve is disputed, the matter goes to the Family Court. In many cases waiting until after the birth is the simplest practical solution where delay causes no harm.
Step six: final settlement after the birth
After the birth the shares are recalculated on the final position, any surplus is returned or any shortfall made good, and the child's share is registered in the child's name under the supervision of the competent authority.
Documents usually required
- The deceased's death certificate.
- The marriage contract or other proof of marriage.
- A certified medical report confirming the pregnancy, followed by the birth certificate (or the death certificate if the infant died).
- Civil ID cards and birth certificates of the heirs.
- A statement of estate assets (title deeds, account statements, share and holding certificates, vehicle registrations).
- Evidence of estate debts, including the deferred dower.
- Any will, gift or document relating to the deceased's dispositions before death.
- Powers of attorney for anyone representing the heirs.
Requirements can vary by authority and as procedures are updated, so it is wise to check them before filing.
Hypothetical Cases
Case one: a widow expecting her first child, and the deceased's brothers demand division
A young man dies leaving his wife pregnant with their first child, his mother and full brothers. The brothers ask for immediate division. If the child is born a living boy, he completely excludes the full brothers; if a living girl, she takes a fixed share and the brothers take the residue; if stillborn, the brothers take a larger portion. The brothers are therefore not certainly entitled to anything before the birth. The mother takes her share because it does not change with the child's sex in this configuration, and the wife takes one eighth now with the difference held back. The safest practical course is usually to wait for the birth or put the matter to the judge, while paying the debts and managing the estate on an interim basis.
Case two: division done, then twins arrive
A man dies leaving a son and a daughter and a pregnant wife. The adult heirs agree on division with one son's share reserved for the pregnancy. The widow then gives birth to twin boys. The reserve proves insufficient, and the question is whether the newborns can recover the shortfall from the heirs. Under the approach of modern legislation, each heir must return what exceeds his or her entitlement after recalculation. If one of them has already disposed of what he received, the method of recovery from him arises, and that is for the judge to decide. The case shows why medical confirmation of the number of foetuses before division matters.
Case three: an heirship certificate that omits the pregnancy
After a man's death, his children from an earlier marriage obtain an heirship certificate that does not mention that his second wife is pregnant, then divide the bank balances. The widow later gives birth to a living child. The mother, as the child's representative, or the competent authority, may apply to correct the heirship certificate, reopen the division and require the heirs to return what they took in excess. If the concealment was deliberate, the child may be entitled to compensation, and whether criminal liability arises may be examined on the facts.
Quick Comparison of Outcomes
- One child born alive: the child takes the share for its sex, and any surplus in the reserve goes back to those entitled.
- Twins or more: shares are recalculated on the actual number; the modern approach is recourse against the heirs for any shortfall, with disagreement on the details decided by the judge.
- Stillbirth: no inheritance; the whole reserve returns to the heirs as if there had been no pregnancy.
- Born alive, then dies: the child inherits its share, which then passes to its own heirs, usually requiring a second heirship certificate.
- Birth after the recognised period: paternity to the deceased is not established and the child does not inherit from him, save in the special cases the law regulates.
- Concealed pregnancy: a live-born child's right is not lost; the certificate is corrected, the division reopened, and deliberate concealment may give rise to liability.
- Division before the birth: permitted with a precautionary reserve under the modern approach; full postponement is a respected juristic view; the judge decides if there is a dispute.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does an unborn child inherit from a father who dies before the birth?
Yes, provided the child is born alive and paternity to the deceased is established by birth within the period the law recognises. A stillborn child does not inherit.
How is it proved that the baby was born alive?
Through signs of life such as crying, breathing or movement, shown in practice by medical reports and the birth certificate. In a dispute the judge weighs the evidence. Jurists have differed on which signs are sufficient.
Do we have to wait for the birth before dividing the estate?
Not necessarily. The modern approach permits division with a precautionary reserve for the pregnancy, while full postponement is a respected juristic view. If the heirs disagree, the judge decides. In practice, waiting is sometimes simpler where it causes no harm.
How much is reserved for the pregnancy?
Under the modern approach, the larger of the two possible shares, on the assumption that the child is a boy or a girl. The actual amount depends on the make-up of the heirs, requires an exact calculation, and is decided by the judge if disputed.
What if the widow has twins?
The shares are recalculated on the actual number of children. If the reserve is insufficient, the approach of modern legislation is recourse against the heirs for the shortfall. The details and method of repayment are for the judge.
What happens to the reserved share if the child is stillborn?
It returns to the heirs and is divided among them as if there had been no pregnancy. Heirs who would have been excluded by the child may now inherit, and the wife's share may increase.
Must the pregnancy be mentioned in the heirship certificate?
Yes, whenever it is known, with medical evidence attached. Omitting it exposes the certificate to correction and the division to being reopened, and may create liability for anyone who deliberately concealed it.
Who manages the unborn child's share until the child grows up?
The share of the pregnancy, and then of the child, is subject to guardianship of property under the supervision of the competent authorities, chiefly the Public Authority for Minors' Affairs, which looks after the property of minors and those treated as minors under its statute.
Is the pregnant widow entitled to maintenance from the estate?
This is disputed. The majority of jurists hold that a widow in her waiting period has no maintenance from the deceased's property; some hold that she is maintained from the child's share; and they differed on her right to housing. The answer depends on the text of the law and the judge's assessment.
When does the pregnant widow's waiting period end?
It ends with the delivery, however long or short that may be. This is an agreed rule established by the text.
Can one heir sell estate property before the child is born?
No heir may dispose of estate property in a way that affects the others' rights without their consent. Where a pregnancy or a minor is among the heirs, dispositions are subject to special safeguards and may need the permission of the competent authority.
Does an unborn child inherit from a grandfather who dies during the pregnancy?
Yes, if the child is among the heirs not excluded by others and is born alive within the recognised period. The period requirements differ depending on whether the pregnancy is by the deceased himself or by someone else.
Conclusion
An unborn child is a potential heir protected by the law from the moment its relative dies, but its right is settled only on a live birth. Between the death and the birth lies a sensitive period, which may last months, during which the heirs must strike a careful balance between their need for their shares and the right of a child who cannot speak for itself. The law provides the tools for that balance: the reserve, the settlement after birth, supervision of the minor's property and recourse to the courts in case of disagreement.
Our main advice to families at this stage is simple: document the pregnancy medically from the outset, disclose it expressly in the heirship certificate, notify the competent authority, avoid any disposition of estate assets before the shares are clear unless everyone agrees and the necessary permission is obtained, and record every step in written minutes. These straightforward steps prevent most of the disputes we later see between widows and their late husbands' relatives.
The disputed questions, such as the size of the reserve, how twins are dealt with and the widow's maintenance, should not be resolved by personal calculation or by one heir's own view. They are matters for the text of the law and the Family Court. Involving a specialist lawyer at this stage saves a family time, money and relationships that cannot be replaced.
Legal Notice
This article is for general legal awareness and is not legal advice on any particular case. The rules on inheritance, reserving a share for a pregnancy and managing minors' property depend on the facts of each case, the make-up of the heirs, the documents and the text in force at the time. We recommend consulting a specialist lawyer before taking any step or signing any division agreement.
If your family is facing this situation, the team at Yumnaak Law Firm can help you record the pregnancy in the heirship certificate, calculate the reserved shares, deal with the competent authorities and represent you before the Family Court. You can contact us or book an appointment at our office.
